Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of The Book Night By Ellie Wiesel - 1867 Words

Raabiah Zaidi Ms Heenan Eng2D1 Oct 10, 2014 ISU Log #1 Retell: The book Night written by Ellie Wiesel is an autobiography about his experiences during the holocaust in 1944. He is a survivor and was only 12 at the time. Ellie had three sisters named Hilda, Bea and Tzipora. His parents ran a store in Transylvania where Ellie spent most of his childhood in. Ellie s mentor who everyone referred to as Moishe the Beadle is poor men who taught and helped Ellie study the cabbala. Early in the war, Moishe was expelled from Sighet as well as all the other foreign Jews. A few months after, everything was back to normal for Ellie and everyone else. His teacher, Moishe the Beadle then returns from his near death experience and warns everyone that the Nazi will soon come after them. No one really listened to him and did not believe that stories he told or didn’t want to believe them. Soon after this, the anti-Semitic Measures had the entire Sighet Jews move into ghettos that were supervised. With everyone living in fear, the Wiesel family remained ca lm and did not complain once. The Jews were being shipped into trains to a complex called Auschwitz-Birkenau. Eighty villagers were put into each cattle cars and only having to survive on a little bit of food and water. During the way to the complex one of the villagers, Madame Schachter kept screaming, Fire! I see a fire! I see a fire! (Wiesel 24), this made

Analysis of Customer Service Problem of Best Buy - 1234 Words

Introduction Overview of the task The task of this essay is to have a research in person to pay a visit on Best Buy to discover its potential marketing problem, anticipate the consequences and provides potential solution to this problem, which from my perspective, is bad customer service. Purpose and structure of the essay The purpose of this essay is to explore the potential marketing problem of Best Buy to provide solutions to its problem. In order to make the essay more complete, this essay will first start with the brief introduction of the Best Buy, and then a personal experience of visiting the Best Buy shop will be displayed to have an analysis of the potential problem- bad customer service. What to follow is the anticipation†¦show more content†¦However, what I want is just some blu-ray dics. Bothering by the upsetting and annoying salesperson, I just grabbed one of the blu-ray discs. But after going home, I found that I have already got this disc and returned to ask for changing the disc. The troublesome procedure and bad attitude of staff really made me furious. Apart from the up-selling and cross-selling, what I cannot put up with is the erosion of my privacy, questions like how much is your salary is really impolite. The hawking clumsy salesperson is the tip of the problem iceberg and just scratch the surface of the problem, what should be laid emphasis is the customer service and after-sales service quality. Potential consequence of the problem The company has reported a 1.7% decline in it total sales and profit margins last year. Consumers come down to the store will have high interaction with the salespersons and in-store staff (Forbes, 2012). The attitude and service quality is the cornerstone of the success. Non-savvy consumers need the help to learn more product and handling before purchase. If Best Buy cannot differentiate itself and make full use of the advantages of its retail stores, Best Buy is destined to follow the way of dinosaur. Below chart illustrates that the consequence will be like in a few years if Best Buy is unable to change customers ‘perception and values towards it. Best Buy cannot forget the lesson of Circuit City which closed itsShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis 11154 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Christopher Sanchez BA 3103 Christopher Monos 9/23/13 Critical Analysis: Best Buy When Best Buy first opened it was an event that an electronics store could hold such a variety of products, have knowledgeable employees, and offer competitive prices at the same time. 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Consumers all over the world will viewRead MoreBest Buy Uncovers Angels in the Market Case Study1353 Words   |  6 PagesBest Buy Uncovers Angels in the Market Case Summary: Best Buy specializes in a variety of products that focus on making life easier and more fun for consumers, by educating customers on the features and benefits of technology and entertainment products. While Best Buy has 1,200 retail stores across the United States it operates in a highly competitive market. To cope with this competitive market Best Buy specializes in collecting data from its stores to discover what its customers want andRead More Dell SWOT Essay example1704 Words   |  7 PagesHewlett-Packard. Dell was the only top computer company to lose worldwide PC market share. This analysis identified Dells problems and provided strategic moves for the PC maker firm. Company Background The company was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, now the company is one of the worlds largest suppliers of personal computers and related products. It designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and services personal computers, servers, printers and other products. The company primarily operates in

Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility

Questions: 1. Choose a concept/model in strategic management. You can choose the concept from the ones discussed in the course or you can choose another one. Examples of concepts are: core competencies, generic strategies, mergers and acquisitions, alliances, CSR, blue ocean strategy, etc. 2. Critically examine the concept: define the concept; identify when it was first discussed and what the arguments were for its creation; discuss how the concept then evolved by identifying the arguments for and against it over time and by noting any adaptations. 3. Explain how the concept fits today with other concepts of strategic management, and discuss how/if the concept is relevant or not to todays business challenges. Answers: Introduction: The success in an organization is due to Triple Bottom Line which includes the Economic, Social and Environmental aspects. Corporate Social Responsibility involves the strategic practice, which is helpful in the success of the organization. The reason for this is that there are some practices that would help in creating positive impact through the elements of Triple Bottom line an making some sustainability in the long term and contributing to the healthy bottom. There is no one size fits all approach in CSR. The effective CSR strategy should be implemented along with the business strategy, benefit of commerce and the impact of sustainability (AhÃÅ'Â £mad and Crowther 2013). There are a number of benefits like risk management, enhancing profitability, improving relationship with the community and investment in capital and community (Aguinis and Glavas 2012). In this paper, a detailed discussion is made on the evolution of the concept of CSR, identification of the arguments for and against the concept and see its implementation along with the business challenges. Defining the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The concept of CSR involves the initiative by the corporation to take up the responsibility and assess the effect of the company on the social being and the environment. The term is applied to the efforts that is beyond that is required by the groups of environmental protection and the regulators. The corporate citizenship is represented as CSR and this would be including cost that is incurred in the short run and there is no financial benefit to the company but rather it helps in changing the environment and creating a positive social impact (Assaf, Josiassen and Cvelbar 2012). The policy of CSR helps in the self-regulatory mechanism where the business in likely to ensure and monitor its compliance with the ethical standards, law and the international and national norms. The implementation of CSR model by the firm goes beyond engaging and compliance in the action that helps in producing more of social goods and that is concerned with the law. The main purpose of CSR involves the ris e in the level of the profit in the long term and trust of the shareholders through the positive public relations and high standards of ethics so that the risk in the business can be reduced through the corporate actions (Bergenwall, Chen and White 2012). The use of CSR will help the corporation to increase long-term profits while critics argue CSR distracts from the role of the economy. There are different type of CSR strategies and the tactics, which includes giving some of the proceeds of the company to the non- profit organization, giving the products and services to the recipients who are considered of the sales. The following are the broad categories of CSR in business practice: Environment: The focus of CSR involves the involvement of the environment. Irrespective of the business, being large or small there is large emission of the carbon footprints (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012). They tend to take up steps so that footprints are reduced and this considered being useful for the society and the company. Philanthropy: Social responsibility is practiced by the business like the donating in the local and the national charities. The businesses give lot of time to the local and community programs. Ethical practices by the labour: Through the treating of the employees ethically and fairly would help the company to show their corporate social responsibility (De Giovanni 2012). This is true for the businesses that operate in the international locations with the labour laws that tend to differ. First discussion on Corporate Social Responsibility: A long history surrounds with the concept of CSR showing the effect on the behaviour of the organization so it is important to understand its development. During the 1950s, the world of business and the scientific literature especially that of the United States, the problems that is related to the society and the business is dedicated to the informative materials of research, which offers the concept that, is related with the CSR (Amaeshi, Nnodim and Osuji 2013). The more popular ones are related to the CSR, corporate social integrity and corporate social performance. These concepts are seen to replace each other, as there is accumulation of the previous achievements. During the time of the 1980s, the series of concepts continued with that of the business ethics, corporate social policy, corporate philanthropy and management of the stakeholders. At the early 21st century, there are theories related to the corporate sustainability, corporate citizenship, social responsible investment and sustainable development has evolved a long way (Dhaliwal, Radhakrishnan, Tsang and Yang 2012). The approach to the complex design in case of the random selection of the concept, which includes not only the theoretical fragmentation but also separates the political speculation from that of the development process. The approach by A Kerolla who is an expert in the field of the society and business , has combined all the concepts that has been mentioned to the development of the theory of CSR as core concepts for transformation (Azmat and Zutshi 2012). This approach will help in translating the common argumentative issue about the role of business in the development of the society so that there is an analysis of the business enterprise. This is not only related to the corporate. The study related to the issue of CSR was discussed in the 20th century. The systematic scientific analysis was made in the Browns scientific paper, which was published in the year in 1953 (Elkington 2013). This paper involved the framework directions and the conditions on the topic. The issue related to social responsibility should link to the context of management this was a concept that was initiated by K Davis. He has stressed that this type of responsibility is related to the actions and the decision of business that is taken into consideration partly outside the scope of the technical interest of the company or any direct interest. In the year 1960s, the people, key events and the ideas tend to play a very important role in trying to incorporating the social changes that takes place during the decade. In the 1970s, the leaders traditional management of business engages in the matters of the CSR. In the 1980s, the social and business of the company has come closer and they tend to responsive to the members. During the 1990s, the concept of CSR has become accepted and CSR is related to the strategy of literature. Finally in the year 2000s, CSR is has become a strategic issue (Coom bs and Holladay 2012). Reason for creating Corporate Social Responsibility: The use of the CSR will not lead to solving of the problem of the country, CSR was created so that the companies they benefit themselves along with that of the society. There are many type of business reason for which CSR is created for pushing the process of business. In the perspective of CSR, innovation will be able to provide benefit for the society and the company. Unilever has created the use of CSR in innovation in the hair conditioners, which required less use of water (Fleming and Jones 2012). The research and the development by the company have led to the development of such a product due to the concerns on sustainability. The concerns on the concept of sustainability would involve the way to cut the cost. This will help in the packaging with less use of energy and this help in adding up the savings of the company. In case of the company General Mills, they have followed using energy saving techniques, as this will help the company to save more. CSR also helps in the recogn ition of the brands (Gond and Moon 2012). Companies they are able to incorporate the values of the company in the business model. The use of CSR has become so common that it gets quite difficult for the brand to get differentiated. Some companies sell similar type of products and incorporate similar type of technology for producing sustainable results. This shows that the outcome of the companies is no longer different. There is diminishing return from the brand differentiation, which is a sign of CSR. CSR has been created so that the companies they are able grow sustainably in the future. This will help them to think on a long-term basis (Gonzalez-Perez and Leonard 2013). With more companies engaging into environmentalism, the products are also going to be environment friendly. The customers they are eager to buy the products, as it is eco friendly. This would help the company to engage more number of customers. This would help in propagating good message to the customers. With sus tainability in an organization, the employees are also concerned by the customers service that is focused on the CSR priorities of the company (Haynes, Murray and Dillard 2013). Arguments against and for the use of CSR: CSR is a concern of the business so that the society can improve the performance of the business. A concern that is shown by the managers who are considered with the long-term interest of the organization and the relationship of the organization with that of the society it operates. Sustainability is the theory in the social responsibility. The sustainability of the company should be including the company that are socially responsible and that makes them compete with the society problems. This will help in the building of the profit and help in aiding the world at the similar time. In terms of the sustainability, the companies are not able to serve for a long time where there are people who are suffering and who are too poor. The company should be motivated to solve the problems of the society (Idowu 2012). It is only through the business the company is able to use the creativity, talent, capital, executive ability to so that they are able to make the differences. It is argued by the people that CSR is important. Instead, there is a debate among the people regarding the on forms of the social responsibility when there is an engagement of business. Arguments for CSR: Social responsibility is the right thing that is done. The problem in the society is due to the poverty level of wages and pollution. This is the ethical duty of the corporations to reduce the wrongs. The business has many resources that require solving the problems of the society and this is used for doing it. Another reason for the companies to be socially responsible is that there will be entry of the government who would be taking the necessary actions for creating regulations and they would be going to fine the corporations. This is seen to emerge due to the pollution issues. When the business they try to encourage some social responsibility then there is a possibility that the government might intervene. There is a possibility that the company would be able to earn profit. The shareholder value is likely to increase and companies can prosper when they are destined to work on the social problems (Idowu et al. 2013). The company can build a positive public relation and would be able to attract the best talent required in the industry. Arguments against CSR: A business should be concerned about the profit maximization, a perspective that is held by the Sceptics. Opinion of sceptics on non-profit organization or the government should resolve environmental issues. It was claimed by Milton Friedman that rather than the companies the free markets should decide on what is best for the entire world. He held the opinion that the invisible hand of Adam Smith would be able to create an important impact and would help in making the things better (Koutra 2013). There is another opinion that has been put forward and that is the companies are deemed to create products and look into the activities of welfare. They actually do not possess the knowledge and the expertise for handling the social problem. When the managers they are more concentrated on social responsibilities then their performance in the core responsibilities is going to fall. In the world market place, there might cause damage to the company for being socially responsible. The companys costs are going to increase in the activities like the donating of the money, ensuring of the safety of the products and other sort of welfare issues. This cost is likely to be passed on to the consumers in the form of full price on the products and the services (Mujih 2012). There are some of the customers who would be willing to pay more for the product and the services that is taken into consideration to be socially responsible while there might be some who are unwilling to pay. This would be bringing the company an economic disadvantage. Adaptation of CSR: The CSR strategies are adapted for managing of the risk. The reputation that is earned by the company will be destroyed when there is an environmental accident or any type of corruption. This would be drawing attention of the government, regulators, media, organizations and the civil society. When there is a culture of doing the right thing then the risk can be reduced. The crisis will help in posing the attention towards the CSR. The principle that is concerned with the environment involves the CERES principle that was applicable for the company Exxon Valdez in the year 1989 (Trong Tuan 2012). The emerging risk that is faced by the company will be reflecting on the radar screens through the recognised points of entry. The good example is the use of the example of climate change and carbon emissions. There was increasing number of shareholder demanding for the risk management policies have increased in United States and the lawsuits regards to changes in the climate has be filed for the first time.. As per a company , there would be a social risk when a stakeholder they take an area of social issues and then puts the pressure on the corporation so that they change the approaches and the policies in the market. The rise in the international business complexity also leads to global level risk which leads to social risk influenced by the economic and the political scenario. This is solved by the use of CSR. The risk management can be influenced positively by the CSR of the company through providing of the intelligence about the risk and using the effective means for making response. . These are the aspects that will help in the better management of the relationship. It is quite imperative for the management of the stakeholder relationship by the multinational corporations because if there is no management of the stakeholders like the civil society and regulators and the relationship with be likely to engage in the court room of public opinion with very little to be said by the companies. At this aspect, the management of the stakeholder relationship is different from the managing the stakeholder. In the stakeholder management the organization they perceive a close type of a system which is independent of the external context. The expectation of the stakeholder is done through the friendly relationship with the management. Figure: Stakeholder Engagement Model (Source: Collett Miles and Miles 2013) Implementation of CSR with the other forms of strategic management: CSR implementation along with the other strategies of the management will help in the strengthening of the business. CSR is referred to as a pressure that is viewed by the executives. The society including the customers, suppliers and the employees they are increasingly demanding CSR. CSR helps in contributing to the society and to the business. The management should understand there is a dual space or objective of CSR i.e. the benefit for the society and business. The business activities they try to incorporate the business activities, which is called the pet projects as this, will help in the reflecting of the personal interest of the individual senior executives. This type of activity is of much noise but involves very little benefit to the society and the business. . In the middle, there are efforts, which would be making both the sides to good, but this would be generating only limited type of benefits. CSR is equally important like the other activities in the organization. The management should consider achieving success related to the CSR strategies. Figure: Corporate Landscape (Source: Mazur 2013) Relevance of CSR on business: The CSR strategy usage will help in the overcoming of the challenges that is related to the business. It has been seen that the companies that has demonstrated the commitment to the causes will be less selfish than that of the businesses that does not follow the CSR strategies. The CSR strategy will help in reflecting the public image of the company and see how are the customers aware. The corporations they would be able to build a public image through the supporting the volunteerism and the donation of money. The companies they are going to be in the eye of the customers when they tell about their philanthropy. When there is a some actions taken by the company for creating better experiences for the customers and the stakeholders with respect to the environment then this would be coming into notice by the Media or new channels. The employee engagement will be boosted when the company engages in the CSR strategies. Conclusion: Thus, the use of the CSR strategy along with the business strategy is very important concern. CSR strategy is need of the hour. The company tries and invest more on the CSR associated strategy so that both business and society are equally benefited. The challenge for the management involves incorporating CSR with that of the other strategies to come out with the true delivery of ambitions. The innovative companies they have be able to create value to the society and the business with the smart collaborating. Smart partnering will be focusing on on the key impact area between the society and the business. References: Aguinis, H. and Glavas, A., 2012. What we know and dont know about corporate social responsibility a review and research agenda.Journal of management,38(4), pp.932-968. AhÃÅ'Â £mad, J. and Crowther, D. (2013).Education and corporate social responsibility. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Amaeshi, K., Nnodim, P. and Osuji, O. (2013).Corporate social responsibility, entrepreneurship, and innovation. New York: Routledge. Assaf, A.G., Josiassen, A. and Cvelbar, L.K., 2012. Does triple bottom line reporting improve hotel performance?.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), pp.596-600. Azmat, F. and Zutshi, A. (2012). Perceptions of corporate social responsibility amongst immigrant entrepreneurs.Social Responsibility Journal, 8(1), pp.63-76. Bergenwall, A.L., Chen, C. and White, R.E., 2012. TPS's process design in American automotive plants and its effects on the triple bottom line and sustainability.International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), pp.374-384.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Strategic Integrated Marketing-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Briefly discuss how IMC has been utilised well using 2 Australian Organisations of your choice. Answer: Integrated Marketing Communications, often abbreviated as IMC, basically is the integration of all forms of marketing tools and communications, which are linked together carefully, for promoting a brand. It also ensures that all the tools are working together maintaining harmony among themselves (Belch et al., 2014). The essay throws light on the role of Integrated Marketing Communications in the overall marketing and business strategy. It refers to the integration of all methods of promotion of a brand or a specific product and service among the target customers. In IMC, marketing communication of all sorts work together, in order to increase the sales and cost effectiveness. The essay discusses about the definition of Integrated Marketing Communication or IMC, how it has been utilized well by two Australian organizations; Coles Supermarkets and Woolworths Supermarkets, its significant role in overall marketing and business strategy, its application and how it has worked for the organizations. Integrated Marketing Communications or IMC can be defined as the integration of all marketing methods in order to promote a particular brand and its products or services by using various marketing communications and messages. The marketing tools are public relations, sales promotion, direct marketing, advertising, digital marketing which includes social media, personal selling and others (Yeshin, 2012). One of the major supermarkets in Australia is the Coles Supermarkets, which was founded in the year 1914. Presently, it has over 100,000 employees and covers the maximum percentage of the market in Australia. It has been highly regarded part of Australian life and much loved by most of the Australian people. Coles has utilized IMC in a huge way for its marketing purpose (Coles.com.au 2017). The company has over seven hundred and forty one operating stores. It markets its products by offering discount coupons to its customers, loyalty program points for the regular ones, holds campaigns like, Apple for Students for promoting Apple laptops and accessories, Sports for Schools and lot more in order to gain a huge consumer base. The main aim of the company is to give the Australian people the best shopping experience (Blakeman, 2014). Coles has started online delivery system to reach the international markets, which is a success. Customers can view the product and order anytime, anywhere. It has achieved more than 25 percent growth. Digital marketing is also done to dominate the international market, with special offers and discounts depending on its target customers (Keith, 2012). Founded in the year 1924, Woolworths Supermarkets presently has over 111,000 employees and covers the maximum percentage of the market in Australia. Like Coles, it is also very famous among the Australians and much loved by most of the people. Woolworths has also used IMC in a huge way for its marketing purpose (Woolworths.com.au. 2017). Recently, Woolworths has launched its new campaign titled, Always at Woolworths and has invested million dollars in it, which is aired on all the media platforms. It has started online delivery system to reach the international markets, which is a success. Customers can view the product and order anytime, anywhere (Keith, 2012). It has achieved a huge percentage of market growth. Moreover, they have reward programs and special offers for their target customers. Digital marketing is done through various social media platforms to dominate the international market, with special offers and discounts depending on its target customers (Blakeman, 2014). IMC has various components which are discussed here. Firstly, market research is a very important factor in this. It requires detailed analysis of both the brand or its product and the target market for the brand as well. The marketer needs to know the demands, expectations and desires of the target consumers. Moreover, it is important to keep a check on the competitors activities and promotional strategies (Blakeman, 2014). Secondly, a marketer must have a vision of a product before designing it. For instance, if an organizations products are eco friendly, then the marketing should be done in relation to that, promoting clean and green world. Thirdly, the focus should be on the brand as it represents the corporate identity of an organization. Moreover, marketer needs to focus on the consumer experience, that is, what the consumers feel about a particular brand or a product (Percy, 2014). Fourthly, the marketers need to integrate various communication and promotional tools for market ing. Communication tools include advertising, selling directly, promotions through social platforms like Facebook, instagram, twitter and more. Promotional tools include personal selling, trade promotions and more. IMC plays a very important role in overall marketing and business strategy (Yeshin, 2012). To conclude, Integrated Marketing Communications has helped many organizations to reach the International market. With the help of the digital media, marketing has become very easy and cost effective. It has helped in dominating the International market along with several campaigns. Coles and Woolworths Supermarkets have significantly used all the marketing devices to market their brand value to reach the maximum number of consumers. Hence, IMC enables all sorts of marketing tools to work together maintaining peace and harmony, to promote a specific brand or product to effectively reach the maximum target consumers. References Belch, G. E., Belch, M. A., Kerr, G. F., Powell, I. (2014).Advertising: An integrated marketing communication perspective. McGraw-Hill Education. Blakeman, R. (2014).Integrated marketing communication: creative strategy from idea to implementation. Rowman Littlefield. Coles.com.au (2017). Retrieved 7 August 2017, from https://www.coles.com.au/ Keith, S. (2012). Coles, Woolworths and the local.Locale: The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies,2, 47-81. Percy, L. (2014).Strategic integrated marketing communications. Routledge. Woolworths.com.au. (2017). Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.woolworths.com.au/ Yeshin, T. (2012).Integrated marketing communications. Routledge

Sunday, April 19, 2020

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Essays (1498 words) -

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Children Doing Crimes That End up In The Chamber It was a warm summer evening in a small town in the state of Missouri. John Freshman, a white male gang member fourteen years of age, drives down a street that he knows his rival gang members are usually standing along. John pulls his 9 MM. automatic pistol out from underneath his seat and points it at the group of rival gang members. John opens fire and unloads his weapon at anybody standing along the street. As John pulls away from the area, he almost gets into an accident with a parked vehicle and drops his weapon. When John regains control of the vehicle he shouts blood killer coming down the road. When the ambulance and police arrive, they find five people dead two children and one grand mother in the house, and two gang members in the street dead. The police find the weapon and test for fingerprints. They come back to John Freshman AKA Lone G. John has been in juvenile hall nine times and has been on probation or in custody for the past five years. John is sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole. The previous statement is not real but it portrays the life of our country. This statement can be read and seen all over the country in newspapers and watched on the five oclock news. Was Johns sentencing appropriate? Should have John been sentenced to the death penalty? Is John old enough to be put to death? This paper will try to answer these questions. Terms Juvenile - A young Person, one below the legally established age of adulthood. A person under the age of eighteen when the crime was committed. Death Penalty- Capital punishment, sentenced to death. What age is too young for the death penalty? A better question is what age is it too young to die for the murder of another human person. In the United States, the Supreme Court ruled that juvenile under the age of sixteen should not be sentenced to death because they are too young. This was upheld in the case of Thompson V. Oklahoma (487 U.S. 815,1988). Since juveniles are beginning to get more violent in their acts, should the age be lowered? For instance, the previous scenario states that it was a fourteen year old doing the crime. What if it was a twelve year old? When does a juvenile have to pay fully for the crime he or she committed? If you look at the juvenile criminal statistics today and compare them to twenty years ago, we see a dramatic decrease in violent crime and increase use of death penalty sentences. For example, Proffessor Victor Strieb From Claude W. Petit College of Law (Death Penalty for Juveniles) stated juveniles are one to two percent of all people on death r ow in the United States, although they commit more than fifty percent of all the murders in the United States. As we look at the history of juveniles sentenced to death, we see that the rate has been steady and has fluctuated by little more than five percent. The History of the death penalty for juveniles began around 1642 with the execution of Thomas Graunger. Thomas Graunger was executed in Plymouth Colony Massachusetts for a crime he committed when he was sixteen years old. He became the first recorded juvenile in what was to become the United States to be executed for an offense committed under the age of eighteen. There were 343 executions of juveniles before the Supreme Court repelled the death penalty. There have been 13 executions of convicted juveniles since the beginning of the new era. Just like adults, the state of Texas is the leader of juvenile executed with seven. There has been seven Caucasians, five African Americans and one Latino executed. Twelve of those executed were seventeen when they did the crime. (Strieb, Juveniles on death row) Before June 30, 1988, thirty people were on death row for crimes committed while under the age of eighteen. As of June 1999, there are seventy people on death row for crimes they committe d when they were juveniles. About one in fifty

Monday, April 13, 2020

Discussing What to Write With an Agreement Disagree Essay Sample

Discussing What to Write With an Agreement Disagree Essay SampleThe first step to writing an essay is to select a topic from the available topics, decide on how you are going to present the information you are going to write, and then practice writing what is known as a conversational essay. If you are going to write a speech or persuasive argument for the purpose of giving a presentation, then you need to make sure that you keep the same level of conversational style.There are three parts to a document such as an essay or a speech. First, the subject which would be presented to the reader. Second, the approach of writing the essay; i.e. if it is for publication or submission for a course or internship.It is important to know how to control your own thoughts in order to provide a good impression of yourself to the reader. You also need to know what the audience wants. These are the two main ingredients needed to write an acceptable essay or speech, the third being that you have contr ol over your words and the way you use them.There are three kinds of essays, you can write, on topic, argument, and reply. Once you have decided on a topic, you will start with the outline and identify who is your intended audience. For example, if you are writing a speech for a professional association, you need to include information on your topic. Depending on your intended audience, you need to give pointers to create a concise speech.You can use facts, anecdotes, and statements to present a persuasive appeal to your audience. Arguments should be presented in a matter-of-fact tone. Finally, a reply will follow the material that you would have used in the initial essay. In the reply essay, you will look back at your earlier work and present corrections and improvements in the same fashion that you introduced the essay topic in the first place.A persuasive argument is best given by using effective analogies, using statistics, and putting forward citations. The last part is to prov ide a list of links for those who wish to learn more. However, the writer of a persuasive essay or speech should know how to write conversational writing, so he/she can adjust the style to suit the audience. Using a conversational tone with a persuasive statement and a conclusion will ensure that the audience sees your topic clearly.An essay or speech should not be a chore to complete; instead, it should be something you enjoy doing. Make sure that you take time out to enjoy what you are doing. After all, the goal is to impress the reader.

Saturday, March 14, 2020

buy custom History of Haiti essay

buy custom History of Haiti essay Before the Arrival of Christopher Columbus, the Spanish explorer, in 1492 during his first voyage, Haiti was inhabited by the Taino and Arakwan tribes who referred their country as Ayiti or Hayti meaning land of mountains (Coupeau). Christopher declared the island a Spanish colony and named it Hispaniola. He went ahead and established a temporary settlement on the Northern coast of the island which he named Christmas or Navidad. At first the tribes were friendly to the settled Spaniards but after discovery of their abuse and intolerance they became very violent against them. On his second return in 1493, Columbus discovered that the settlement at Christmas has been destroyed and the settlers disappeared presumably slain. He was bent on establishing this island as a Spanish colony and therefore made another settlement on the Eastern coast, which became known as Isabella (Girard). Spain established the island as its colonial administration headquarters after the disappointment of lack of gold as expected. The conquest and colonization of the other islands was to be conducted from here as Coupeau says. The Spanish system of repartimiento was tested here whereby the Spain born people were given land and the right to force the Indian inhabitants to work for them. Columbus and his brother who were in charge of the colony fell out with the settlers and consequently with the crown because they failed to maintain order. A new governor, Nicolas De Avando took over and under him the system of encomienda was enforced. This meant that all the land was the property of the crown and the Spaniards were stewards of huge tracks of land and could employ the inhabitants labor which in practice was slavery. Under the colonial rule the Taino Indians were almost eliminated from hundreds of thousands according to accounts to about 150 by 1550 (Coupeau). This was attributed to diseases, forced labor and the emergency of Mulatos or Mestizo and saw the near elimination of the Taino people and their culture. Interest on the colony however, was lost to the Spanish crown after the discovery of gold in the Mexico and South American colonies. Agriculture became the backbone of the economy but did not thrive as much as it experienced under the French rule. The Spanish neglect of the Island gave other colonizers a chance to invade the island. The French established their first permanent settlement in Tortuga, an island off the West coast of Hispaniola, in 1659 under King Louis XIV. Another group of French colonizers were already settled in the north coast of Hispaniola. Skirmishes with the English and French forces had weakened the Spanish in Hispaniola and therefore the invasion of the French into the island was easier. They established the French West India Company to give direction to commerce in the colony. In 1670 the first major community was established at Cap Francois now named Cap Haitien and in 1697 the Treaty of Ryswick was signed where the Spain relinquished sovereignty of the Island to the French and was renamed Saint Domingue (Girard). Under the French rule the colony became prosperous and the richest colony in the Western hemisphere. By the mid eighteenth century produced about the 60 percent of worlds coffee and 40percent of sugar imported to French and Britain. It also accounted for two thirds of the French commercial interests abroad and brought luxury to plantation owners and jobs to the mother country, but its major flaw was slavery (Jermyn and Ngcheong-Lum). The slave labor for the sugar and coffee plantations were brought from West Africa which were greatly abused and remained impoverished. Men mainly provided labor and few lived long enough to reproduce while women were made slave masters concubines. The slavery system produced a mixture of races and consequently classes of people. At the top were the white colonialists or the blancs, then the mulattoes or the people of color who were also free and then the masses of black slaves. This is what is what has shaped the modern Haiti society(Morss). This slavery system and the discriminative legislations brought a lot of resentment and conflict. The people of color were not permitted take certain professions and other detailed restrictions but they could purchase land and rend money to the planters and some accumulated substantial wealth. The black slaves on the other hand, runaway and waged guerilla warfare against the settlers and the inhabitants too the most common one being led by a man named Francois Macandal between 1751 and 1757 (Coupeau). This eventually culminated to the 1791 slave rebellion, which evolved to Haitian revolution. The French with the help of the people of color was able to repel the attacks of the maroons but the maroons wanted more than what they had, they wanted equality with the settlers. This delicate balance of the slavery system crumbled down don during the 1789 French Revolution. The French national assembly required that the colonial assembly give suffrage to the landed and tax paying people of co lor which it ignored. This led to a revolt from the people of color, which failed. The colonial authority was faced with massive slave rebellion in 1791 which was supported by some people of color. This saw a lot of damage wrecked on the plantations and factories and killing of the white people. Soon this spread to Cap Francais and people of color staged attacks, which led to widespread revolution throughout the island, which attracted Spanish and English intervention (Books LLC). Then, came the leadership of Toussaint Louverture to the rebellion with the help of the French authority. Louverture together with his allies, successfully fought for the independence of the slaves in Haiti after the French abolished slavery in 1794. In 1802, French under Napoleon Bonaparte tried to take back Haiti to slavery where he sought help from America and Thomas Jefferson who at first supported him but later remained neutral after realization Napoleon wanted to colonize his land. Louvarture was arrested in 1803 bu his colleagues continued with the resistant eventually attaining in dependence in 1804 and in 1805 the island nation drafted it first constitution. Soon after independence the French imposed a trade embargo against Haiti and demanded a compensation for the loss of slaves which was an astronomical figure of 125 million francs which the country finished paying in 1947. This left the country on a struggling economy for those years (Borgy and Chojnicki). This was further worsened by the attack and invasion from the US marines in 1915 as fear of German occupation heightened from the small population of German people integrating and owning property in the island. The French and US took control of Haitis economy and the central bank, amid resistant, to make sure their debts were paid ward off any resistant from the Haitians with brutal force. This lasted until 1947 when their debts were cleared and was marked by imposed dictatorship, death squads, torture and enslavement, which resulted to a revolt in 1986.(Buss and Gardner) In 1990, Haiti voted for Jean Bertrand Aristide who tried to put an end to corruption and improve the lives of the countrys poor but did not last long before he was ousted by the Catholic Church with the help of the CIA. Eventually Aristide was put back to power by the Clinton administration at the cost of the countrys economy, which, saw it open up to the trade from the US reducing the country further into poverty. However, Aristides government made a few milestones in the provision of education and health care to the poor in the country and had promised to double the minimum wages (Morss). These policies put into motion a lot of political resistance from mainly the wealthy landowners with the support of many interested parties including foreign governments. Aristide was eventually forced to step down and since then the country has been plugged into one coup after another and deteriorating conditions of living for the poor. There have also been claims of killings, rape and torture f rom the powers being to the rebellious people in the countrys poor slums. Since 2006, after elections hoped to return the country into sanity, Haiti has experienced political turmoil one after another. In this elections allegations of election fraud were raised after Rene Preval, a former prime minister and Aristides friend was declared the winner. In 2008, the current prime minister, Jacques-Edourd Alexis was ousted by the senate for poor performance of the countrys economy. Another prime minister was appointed by the president and rejected by the lower house and finally Michele Pierre was approved as the prime minister. In 2009, the senate was at it again when they ousted Michele Pirre who the international community thought was competent to bring change to the country and replaced her with Jean-Max Bellerive (Books LLC). Last November, poll also presented the same debacle as allegations of massive election fraud were raised in the first round. A former first lady was declared the winner by the electoral commission and was to face Jude Celestin in the se cond round. This brought protests in the country. Eventually Jude Celestin was put under pressure apparently by the United States to withdraw leaving Manigat to face Martely who worn by a landslide (Kelly). There is some hope that the countrys unstable politics would end and bring the much-needed investment into the country. The Haiti economy The country has been described as the poorest in the western hemisphere and its capacity to attract investment is very low (Sletten and Egset). By the time the country gained independence in 1804, it was the richest and most productive colony in the world, however, years of political instability and international isolation in diplomatic engagement in earlier years coupled with a huge debt to both US and French has left the country reeling. During the period between 1996 and 2001, the country tried to implement some reforms in order to attain economic stability. These included cutting government expenditure, down sizing the civil service and modernization of state owned entities among others. Structural adjustments were also implemented as required by financial institutions funding the reforms such as World Bank, IMF and inter American Development bank. Modernization of the state corporations was a major policy issues during this time however only two have been privatized as the issue has turned into a political one. External aid has been and continues to be of great importance in the economic development of the country(Books LLC). The major sectors supporting the economy of the country are agriculture, fishing, forestry and mining. Most of the Haitians rely on substance farming although an export agriculture sector exists. The agricultural, fishing and forestry sector contributed to 28% of the GDP in 2004 and employed 66% of the force (Borgy and Chojnicki). The major cash crops in the country are coffee, cocoa and mangoes. The mining industry is small with total earning of around $13 million per year dominated mainly by Bauxite, calcium carbonate, copper, gold and marble. The manufacturing sector is consisted mainly of beverages, butter, cement, detergents, flours sugar and textiles among others. Growth in this sector has been undermined by lack of investment. This sector accounted for 20% of GDP employing less than 10% of the labor force. The sector has been declining since the 1994 UN embargo on trade that saw as many as 80,000 workers put of work. The years following the military rule since 1991 contributed to the decline in the sector. The service sector in the country has the sustained little growth in unstable years of 1990s. It employed 25% of the labor force in 2004 and contributed to 52% of the GDP. The impediment to economic growth in the country has been the lack of reliable banking and financial sector as banks collapse with regularity and mmost of the banks are in the capital city of Port-au-Prince. The country boasted of no stock exchange by 2009 labor (Buss and Gardner). Tourism was an important sector of the economy in the 1970s and 1980s however political instability in 1990s and early 2000s discouraged any growth in the industry. Lack of infrastructure and up to date hospitality industry has also been a turn off for visitors. One can not conclude a discussion of the economy of Haiti without mention of the labor force. In 1995 the USAID estimated the labor force to be about 3.6 million but with minimal skilled labor. Statistics on employment are sparse due to lack of pub lication of such data and the only available ones are from foreign organizations such as USAID which gave a figure of 50% unemployment in 2003 (Kelly). Geography of Haiti The Republic of Haiti is in the Western hemisphere and occupies one third of the Western of the island of the Hispaniola west of the Dominican Republic and between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean (Jermyn and Ngcheong-Lum). It has an area of 27,750 square kilometers and a coastline of 1, 1771 km of coastline. Haiti has a land area of 27,560 square kilometers and 190 square kilometer of water. The land is comprised of three fourths mountainous country marked by great fertile valleys, extensive plateaus and small plains. The climate is mainly tropical but the eastern side is semi desert as mountains block the trade winds. Rainfall varies in the country and averages between 1,370 mm with two rainy seasons between April and June and October and November (Jermyn and Ngcheong-Lum). The country is geographically situated in the hurricane region and therefore prone to strong storms between June and October, flooding is another phenomenon characterizing the country with earthquakes and floods also being common. Demographics The population of Haiti is estimated to be 9,648,924 by 2010 and is estimated to reach 9,719,932 by July 2011 according to the US Bureau of the Census (Eurostat). This averages about 250 people per square kilometer and concentrated mainly in urban areas, valleys and coastal plains. The population is largely composed of Haitians of West African ancestry, mulattos and small number of Asians, Arabs and white communities. There are also Hispanic people mainly from Cuba and Dominican Republic(Eurostat). The CIA fact book reports that the age structure of 0-14 years comprise 38% of the total [population and 15-65 years making up 58.5% and those above 65 years to be 3.4% of the population. The population growth rate is low at 0.787 % per annum according to this report. Social problems in Haiti Poverty Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere. 80% of the population is estimated to live in absolute poverty. A look at the capital city Port-au-prince gives a grim picture of the poverty in the country (Kelly). Most of the population lives in slums which are overcrowded and prone to diseases. In this city most of the population of people who work earn less than two US dollars a day this is hardly enough to cater for the basic necessities like food and health care. The Pan-American Health Organization (Eurostat) reports that child mortality, communicable diseases are very prevalent mainly due to poverty. This situation has been aggravated by the biggest natural disaster in its 200 years history, the January 2010 earthquake that shook the country capital to its core and caused hundreds of thousand of lost life. The president of the country is quoted saying that the parliament had collapsed, tax office, Schools and hospitals and the destruction of the capital as unimaginable. This was followed by a hurricane, which saw an outbreak of cholera that claimed even more life (Kelly). Unequal distribution of wealth In this country, a small elite group mainly of elites and ruling class composed of several thousand families are extremely wealthy while 80% of the population is estimated to live in absolute poverty. There exist a small middle class group consisting of civil servants and other government employees but the gap between the majority black and the minority lighter skinned people is very wide (Kelly). This has existed since colonization. The minority wealthy live in cooler mountainsides where education and medical services are exclusively private. Their children attend schools abroad either in Paris or United States with most of the families holding bank accounts in United States. In comparison the rural folks live in small remote villages or settlements where they have no access to clean water, electricity, education and other social services. In comparison to the wealthy children, the rural kids have access to elementary education provided by either the churches or charitable organizat ions. The rural children travel long distances to school, cannot afford the books and uniform and have to work at an early age. This only increases illiteracy levels among the poor with estimation that half the adult population is illiterate. Health services are another thing they cannot afford and some areas depend entirely on relief food from aid agencies. Racial divisions Racial divisions in the country are another problem although 95% of the population is composed of black people (Kelly). The divisions occur between the largely black people of the African decent and the mulattoes who act as the ruling class. The mulattoes are wealthy and identify with wealthy classes in other countries and have little to do with the Haitian poor. The country has an underdeveloped social, economic and political institutions and mostly education system which do not allow for upward social mobility making the difference even wider. This is further aggravated by isolation of rural populations from the urban ones with reports indicating that 79% of Haitians have no or little contact with Port-au-Prince or other major towns, which are centers of change. Buy custom History of Haiti essay